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Rendering in Revit: materials, image quality and render times

Rendering in Revit 2027: set material appearance and texture scale, pick a quality level against measured render times, fix exposure and render in the cloud.

  • Dr. Nguyen Manh Tuan
  • 15 min read
An exterior rendered image of the sample building with sunlight and a sky background Photo: Screenshot taken on Revit 2027 at the Institute

The real question behind rendering in Revit is usually not which button to press, but what to render with. This article answers both, in that order.

Most of it covers the renderer built into the 2027 release: materials, texture scale, quality levels with measured run times, and exposure. To learn modelling and documentation end to end, see the Revit Architecture course.

What Revit renders well, and when render plugins earn their keep

Revit ships with its own renderer; nothing extra has to be installed. The Render button sits on the View tab, Presentation panel.

The Presentation panel on the View tab Photo: The Render, Cloud Rendering and Twinmotion buttons

The Render button is greyed out while a plan view is active. Open a 3D view and it lights up. This costs beginners more time than anything else: hunting for a button that is there, but disabled because the wrong view is open. Creating and aiming 3D views is covered in perspective in Revit.

It is worth being direct about what the built-in renderer does well and what it does not.

TaskBuilt-in Revit rendererBetter in other software
Design check images, internal circulationWell suited. Runs on the open modelNot needed
Exterior images for client approvalWorkable, especially daylight scenes using real sun anglesConsider it for large batches
Interior images with many lights, high qualityPossible but slow and awkward to tuneMove to a dedicated renderer
Set dressing, people, planting, post-productionNot availableOther software required

The strongest argument for the built-in renderer is that nothing leaves the model. Change the model, render again, and the image follows, with no export step to get out of sync.

Once the work leans heavily towards imagery, the usual route is to take the model into dedicated visualisation software. The article what architectural visualisation is compares those paths and separates "good enough to present" from "indistinguishable from a photograph".

Revit materials: the Graphics tab and the Appearance tab

By this stage the geometry is right but the substance is not. Walls are still default grey and floors are still flat.

The tool sits on the Manage tab, Settings panel, button Materials. The Material Browser opens with a search box and the project material list on the left, and five tabs on the right.

TabContents
IdentityName, description, class, manufacturer, cost, keynote
GraphicsHow the material appears on screen and in printed drawings
AppearanceHow the material appears when rendered. This is the tab for this article
PhysicalMechanical properties, used in structural analysis
ThermalThermal properties, used in energy analysis

The Cost field on the Identity tab is the source of the Material: Cost column in a quantity schedule, covered in schedules in Revit.

The Graphics tab of a timber material Photo: The Use Render Appearance box and the surface and cut pattern groups
No.ComponentWhat it means
1Use Render AppearanceThe most important box on this tab. Tick it and the shaded colour on screen comes straight from the render material, while Color and Transparency grey out
2Surface Pattern and Cut PatternThe hatch drawn on faces and on cut surfaces. This is the drawing side of the material

Use Render Appearance is the bridge between the two tabs. Ticked, the screen view and the rendered image share one colour. Cleared, you can set a separate screen colour, which helps when construction layers need distinguishing by convention. The drawing side of patterns is covered in hatching in Revit.

The Appearance tab of the same material Photo: The preview, the parameter group and the three toggles of the Appearance tab
No.ComponentWhat it means
1PreviewA cube covered in the material. It can be swapped for a sphere, a wall and other shapes to suit the material type
2ParametersThe asset parameters: Image points at the texture file, Reflectance reads 0.03, and Roughness points at a separate roughness image
3Three togglesTranslucency for translucent materials; Emissivity for self-illuminating ones; Relief Pattern for a bumpy surface

Reflectance runs from 0 to 1. Timber at 0.03 is very matt; glass and polished metal sit at the other end of the scale. After the texture image itself, this parameter affects the result more than any other.

Roughness accepts either a number or an image file. An image means roughness varies point by point across the surface, so timber has glossy and matt patches instead of one uniform sheen.

To edit a material taken from the library, duplicate the asset first, using the small button at the top right of the Appearance tab. Edit it directly and every other material sharing that asset changes too.

The Revit Texture Editor and texture scale: what gives an image away

Double-click the Image field on the Appearance tab to open the Texture Editor. This decides whether an image reads as real or fake, and it is the step most often skipped.

The Texture Editor dialog Photo: The Position, Scale and Repeat groups of the Texture Editor
No.ComponentWhat it means
1PositionOffset shifts the image in two directions and Rotation turns it. The chain button locks the two Offset fields together
2ScaleSample Size is the real-world size of one tile of the image. The sample material here reads 457.20 mm wide and 914.40 mm high
3RepeatHow the image repeats in each direction, preset to Tile

Sample Size needs changing almost every time. For 600x600 wall tiles, type 600 in both fields. For 1200x150 timber boards, type 1200 and 150. Leave it and a single tile covers a whole wall, which nobody mistakes for a real photograph.

The figures 457.20 and 914.40 mm are exactly 18 and 36 inches. The entire material library shipped with Revit is set out in imperial units. Any material taken straight from the library therefore needs rescaling to the sizes actually sold locally.

The quickest check needs no render at all: set a perspective view looking closely at a stretch of wall, switch the display style to Realistic, and compare a tile against the height of a door. A wrong scale is obvious immediately.

The Rendering dialog: four groups of settings

Rendering is the last step: Revit recomputes lighting, materials and shadows to produce a photographic image.

The Rendering dialog Photo: The Render button, the Region box and the Output Settings group
No.ComponentWhat it means
1Render button and RegionRender runs the job. Region limits the area computed, useful for testing one corner rather than the whole image
2Output SettingsResolution offers Screen or Printer. Screen matches the current drawing area exactly, here 1429 x 799 pixels and 4.4 MB

Because Screen takes the drawing area as it is, maximising the Revit window before rendering produces a larger image. Collapsing the Properties palette and Project Browser adds a few hundred pixels more. For a printable image, choose Printer and set a resolution in dots per inch.

The same four groups also open from the Edit button on the Rendering Settings row in the view's Properties palette. Two routes, one set of settings.

The Rendering Settings dialog opened from Properties Photo: The Quality, Lighting, Background and Image groups
No.ComponentWhat it means
1QualityThe quality level, which governs run time
2LightingThe lighting scheme and sun setting
3BackgroundThe background for the rendered image only
4ImageThe Adjust Exposure button

These settings are stored per view, and can be carried in a view template to apply across many 3D views at once.

Revit render quality against measured run times

The six entries in the quality list Photo: Four preset levels plus the Custom and Edit entries

The first four are presets. Custom tunes settings for this view alone, and Edit opens the detailed dialog.

Run time is what you need before promising anything to anyone. The table below was measured on one machine, at 968 x 726 pixels, on an exterior scene with trees, grass and shadows.

LevelRun timeNotes
Draft17.5 secondsEnough to judge composition and light
Medium82.1 secondsClose to five times Draft
High323.3 seconds, or 5 minutes 23 secondsFour times Medium again
BestStill unfinished after twelve minutesHad to be stopped; the machine was barely usable meanwhile
How much each quality step costs Photo: Run times for the four quality levels on one scene compared

Absolute figures depend on the machine, but the ratios hold: each step costs roughly four to five times the one below. Remember the ratio rather than the number.

Time also grows with image size. At the same Draft setting but a larger image, 1429 x 799 pixels, the same machine took about forty seconds. Autodesk describes what separates the levels on About the Render Quality Setting.

The working method follows from that: test composition and lighting at Draft, possibly twenty or thirty times. Only once everything is settled, run once at a high level, and run it over lunch or at the end of the day.

The Rendering Progress dialog Photo: The progress bar, the Stop button and the auto-close tick box
No.ComponentWhat it means
1Stop buttonHalts the render. A confirmation dialog then asks Yes or No
2Close dialog when rendering is completeOn by default. Clear it and the dialog stays open afterwards, which helps when warnings need reading

Lighting, background and Revit exposure control

The six lighting schemes Photo: Three Exterior and three Interior schemes in the Scheme list

The three Exterior schemes are for exterior images and the three Interior schemes for interiors. Within each set, Sun only computes daylight alone, Artificial only computes lamps alone, and Sun and Artificial computes both.

An interior image must use an Interior scheme. Pick an Exterior one by mistake and Revit skips the repeated bounces of light inside a room, leaving the image almost black.

Any scheme that uses daylight still takes its sun direction from the Sun Settings dialog, so the project location has to be correct first.

Eight backgrounds for a rendered image Photo: Five cloud levels, a flat colour, an image and a transparent background

The five Sky entries differ in cloud cover. Color is a flat colour. Image is a backdrop photograph. Transparent leaves the background empty for compositing elsewhere. This background is entirely separate from the one in Graphic Display Options: one belongs to the rendered image, the other to the screen and printed views.

The Exposure Control dialog Photo: The five sliders of the Exposure Control dialog
FieldDefault value and meaning
Exposure Value14.00. Lowering it brightens the image. The first field to reach for when an image is dark
Highlights0.25. Controls the brightest areas and guards against blown-out white
Shadows0.20. Raising it brings out detail inside shadow
Saturation1.00. Colour intensity. Too high and the image looks artificial
White Point6500.0 kelvin. Lower it for a cool blue cast, raise it for a warm one

This dialog works after the render has finished, and clicking Apply updates the image immediately with no re-run. That is the single biggest time saving available: render once, then adjust brightness as often as you like. Autodesk explains how these values are stored with the view on Adjust the Exposure of a Rendered Image.

Cloud rendering and common errors

The welcome dialog of the cloud rendering service Photo: The three steps of rendering on Autodesk servers

Machines in many small offices cannot run a high quality setting during working hours. Cloud Rendering sends the view to Autodesk servers, and Render Gallery opens the page where finished images are viewed and downloaded.

The advantage is that your machine is free the moment the job is sent. Several views can go at once while you carry on working. Two conditions come with it: the project must be saved before sending, and the signed-in Autodesk account must be entitled to the service, with jobs counted against that account. Check the entitlement before committing to a deadline.

SymptomCause and fix
Render button greyed outA 2D view is active. Open a 3D view and try again
Interior image comes out blackAn Exterior lighting scheme was chosen. Switch to an Interior one
Exterior image too darkAn exposure problem. Lower Exposure Value; no re-run needed
One tile covers a whole wallSample Size in the Texture Editor was never changed
Speckled image, ragged shadow edgesThe signature of a low quality level. Re-run at a higher one
Render never finishesQuality too high for the machine. Stop, drop one level and run again

The last two are easily confused. A speckled image is a quality problem, cured by re-running higher. A dark image is an exposure problem, cured in Exposure Control with no re-run at all. Mixing them up costs hours of pointless rendering.

Try it: from material to an exported image

A forty-minute exercise. Work on a model that already has a perspective view.

  1. Open Manage then Materials. Find the material on the external wall and note its name and class.
  2. Go to the Appearance tab. Note the texture file name and the Reflectance value.
  3. Double-click the Image field to open the Texture Editor. Note the current Sample Size.
  4. Change Sample Size to the real size of the material you intend to use, for example 600 x 600 for wall tiles.
  5. Look at the view again in Realistic and note what changed.
  6. Go to View then Render. Note the Width, Height and file size the dialog reports.
  7. Run once at Draft and time it. Note the result.
  8. Run again at Medium and time it. Work out the ratio between the two, then compare it against the table above.
  9. Open Adjust Exposure, lower Exposure Value by two and click Apply. Note what happens and whether a re-run was needed.
  10. Click Save to Project, name the image, find it in the Project Browser, then click Export to write a file.

Step 8 is the one worth doing properly: the ratio measured on your own machine is the number to quote in a programme, not the one in any published table.

The Rendering dialog after a completed render Photo: The Save to Project and Export buttons and the model toggle
No.ComponentWhat it means
1Save to Project and ExportBoth greyed out until a render completes. Save to Project stores the image in the project file under Renderings; Export writes an external image file
2Show the modelToggles between the rendered image and the model. Before a render it reads Show the rendering

Use Save to Project before Export. An image stored in the project travels with the file, so anyone opening it sees the approved image without having to ask for it again.

Frequently asked questions

Does rendering in Revit need any extra software?

No. The renderer is built in and runs on whichever 3D view is open. External software is only needed once the work leans heavily towards image quality and post-production.

An interior render comes out black. What is wrong?

Most often an Exterior lighting scheme was selected. Switch to an Interior scheme; if it is still dark, lower Exposure Value.

Why does one tile cover an entire wall?

Because Sample Size in the Texture Editor still holds the library value, which is set in imperial units. Enter the real size of the material in the Width and Height fields.

How long does the Best quality level take?

There is no general figure, because it depends on the machine and the image size. Measure the ratio between Draft and Medium on your own machine, extrapolate from that, and run high settings outside working hours.

About the author

Dr. Nguyen Manh Tuan — BIM lecturer at the Institute of Information Technology in Civil Engineering – Hanoi University of Civil Engineering